Macronutrients Calculator

Macronutrients are food components that we need to take in on a daily basis to ensure our organisms are working properly. Some macronutrients provide energy in the form of calories, while other ones, such as water or fiber, are required for different reasons - for example, to facilitate the functioning of the digestive system.

If you're interested in macros for weight loss or weight gain, you will be focusing primarily on the three types that produce energy. These are:

• Proteins: these macros build our muscles, but also play a key role in regulating our metabolism and hormones. Some proteins are essential for the immune system, too. You can find them in meat, fish, and dairy products, but also in vegan foods such as nuts or beans.

• Carbohydrates: the main reason we need to consume carbohydrates is to provide energy to our bodies. Simple carbohydrates, such as white bread or white sugar, will give you a short-term energy boost, but you will soon need to eat more. Your body needs more time to digest complex carbohydrates, such as fruits or vegetables, what means they will fill you up for a bit longer.

• Fats: this third type of macros is by far the most efficient: while 1 gram of proteins or carbohydrates is equivalent to only 4 calories, 1 gram of fats contains 9 kcal. This is why fats serve as an energy reserve - if you cannot provide your body with as many calories as it needs, your fat tissue will begin to break up to supply additional energy. You can find fats in products such as oil, nuts, avocados, but also pizzas or chips.

If you're trying to estimate the daily intake of each macronutrient, you need to take a few aspects into consideration. The first one is your required calorie intake. This value is different for each individual, as it is based on factors such as your age, sex, weight or activity level. Additionally, you need to adjust this value basing on the target weight - intuitively, you will need to eat more if you want to gain weight, and less in a case of planned weight loss.

Once you know the total number of calories you should consume each day, you can calculate how many of them should come from proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. You can use the following rules of thumb:

• 10-35% of all calories should come from proteins. A second recommendation, issued by the Food and Nutrition Council of the National Research Council, suggests to consume approximately 0.8 g protein per kilogram of body weight per day.

• 45-65% of all calories should come from carbohydrates. Our macro calculator uses 60% as a recommendation. Additionally, you should limit simple sugars (such as sweets or white bread) to maximally 10% of your diet.

• 20-35% of all calories should come from fats. In the case of this macronutrient, though, it is essential to monitor the type of fats you consume as well. In general, you should minimize the amount of saturated fats (e.g. butter or cream) and trans fats (e.g. margarine), and substitute them with healthier unsaturated fats coming from sources such as nuts or avocados.

These numbers give you a good starting point in planning out your own diet, but make sure to distribute them between meals in a sensible way, too!

Our macro calculator finds your current calorie requirement basing on the Mifflin - St Jeor equation:

BMR(men) = (10 * weight / 1kg + 6.25 * height / 1cm - 5 * age / 1 year + 5) kcal / day

BMR(women) = (10 * weight / 1kg + 6.25 * height / 1cm - 5 * age / 1 year - 161) kcal / day

This equation determines your Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)- the amount of energy that your body needs to sustain basic functions. As you can see above, the equation is different for men and women.

Once you know the BMR, you need to multiply its value by a factor corresponding to your physical activity level:

• Sedentary lifestyle (little or no exercise): 1.2
• Slightly active lifestyle (light exercise or sports 1-2 days/week): 1.4
• Moderately active lifestyle (moderate exercise or sports 2-3 days/week): 1.6
• Very active lifestyle (hard exercise or sports 4-5 days/week): 1.75
• Extra active lifestyle (very hard exercise, physical job or sports 6-7 days/week): 2
• Professional athlete: 2.3

The result of these calculations will be the number of calories needed to maintain your current weight.

If you're planning to lose or gain weight, you will need to adjust the number obtained in the calculations described in the previous paragraph. It is typically assumed that each pound of body fat stores approximately 3500 kcal of energy. This is why you need a calorie deficit of 500 kcal a day to lose one pound or 0.5 kg a week. Naturally, if you want to gain weight, you will need to add the same amount of food to your diet.

If you want to calculate macros for your weight loss or gain, you need to input two additional pieces of information into this macro calculator:

• The first one is your target weight - how much you want to weigh after your diet. You can use our BMI calculator to check what weight would be optimal for you.

• The second factor is the diet type. You can choose a regular diet that will help you lose one pound a week or a strict one that leads to losing two pounds every week. In most situations, you shouldn't cut more than 1000 calories a day from your diet - such a massive calorie deficit may have a terrible impact on your health.

Dietitians recommend never reducing your calorie intake below your Basal Metabolic Rate. Our macro calculator will display a warning if you are trying to plan a diet with a daily intake lower than the minimum allowable value.

Once you provide all the necessary information, two graphs will appear below the calculator. The first one shows how your weight will change over time. Remember that this is only an approximation - don't worry if the weight loss is not as regular as shown here!

The second graph shows the suggested calorie intake for each week of your diet plan. As your weight changes over time, so does the number of calories in your diet. The macro calculator dynamically determines a new value for each week, so you can make sure to always eat exactly as much as needed.

This calculator has an alternative name - the IIFYM calculator, as it is based on the principles of the IIFYM (If It Fits Your Macros) diet. This type of diet tracks macronutrients rather than individual foods and is based on the assumption that you can eat whatever you want as long as it fits your macros plan.

The main benefit of such a diet is its flexibility - after all, you're not bound to strict meal plans, but can freely enjoy your favorite foods. Learning how to calculate macros also requires a bit less effort than learning the principles of regular diet, so many people claim that IIFYM is more accessible.

You need to remember, though, that IIFYM has its downsides: it ignores the recommended intake of micronutrients, such as vitamins or minerals, and cannot be used in cases of unusual medical conditions. It is also not recommended by conventional dietitians. If you plan to start an IIFYM diet, it's a good idea to consult a professional to ensure you're not jeopardizing your health!